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HARDWARE FOR ACCESS IINTERNETA. INTERNET CONNECTION OVERVIEWIn general there are two (2) ways to be connected to the Internet, namely throughpersonal connections and through the office connection. Individual connections(Home user) is usually used in home or office using one computeronly. Connection office / campus (corporate users) is usually a set ofcomputers linked in a local network (usually called Local AreaNetwork / LAN) that connects at high speed to the Internet.In terms of equipment, connection configuration is as follows.1. Computer - Modem - Internet.2. Many Computer - Router - Modem - Internet.For more details, it helps us see the picture below.Figure 2.1 Configuring access for individual connectionsHARDWARE TO ACCESS THE INTERNET 29On individual connections to the Internet there are several alternative connection technologywidely used in Indonesia, some of which are as follows● Using a dial-up modem. On dial-up technique, a modem installed in your computer,both inside and outside the computer box. Through computers, we cancall where Internet access.● Using a mobile phone. With the increasingly widespread use of mobile phones inIndonesia, the Internet via mobile phones is also more intense. Almost all operatorsprovider in Indonesia providing Internet access as an additional service on the networktheir provider. In general there are two (2) technology, ie, GPRS and 3G.● Using the Wireless, or WiFi, or HotSpot. At this time most laptopswhich are sold on the market already has the equipment or more in the Wireless InternetWiFi know. With existing WiFi equipment we can directly connect to theInterent network in places where WiFi access is available or known asHotSpot.Some typical personal connection to the Internet, namely,● There is only one computer is connected.● Non-operating 24 hours a day.● access technique is relatively expensive, especially to pay toll.Figure 2.2 Configuring the access connection to the company or WARNETIn connection offices, WARNET, or schools to the Internet there are several alternativeconnection technology that is widely used in Indonesia, some of which are,30 HARDWARE FOR INTERNET ACCESS● Using an ADSL modem or Speedy.● Using the Wireless Internet.● Using a satellite or VSAT.Some typical office connection, WARNET or schools, namely,● Many computers are connected simultaneously to an Internet connection.● The process of sharing one Internet connection for many computerusually in the help using a router.● Some connections operate 24 hours a day.B. NOTATION SPEED DATAThe speed of sending data in the communication media are usually written in the number of bitstransmitted per second, or so-called "bits per second" or "bps". Notation speed inbps often we find in network equipment, such as modems, Ethernet dll.Beberapa notationfrequently used1000 bits / sec = 1 kilo bps = 1 Kbps1000000 bits / sec = 1 mega bps = 1 Mbps100000000 bits / sec = 1 giga bps = 1 GbpsAnother notation that is often used to measure data transfer speeds are usually writtenin the number of Bytes per second, or usually called "Bytes per second" or "Bps".Note the Byte used uppercase. The relationship between bit byte is1 Byte = 8 bitsThe following relationships are typically used between the Bytes to bits1 Kbps = 8 Kbps1 Mbps = 8 MbpsNotation Bps, KBps or MBps often do we find when we conduct the evaluation processdata transmission or delivery of the file / files from the network or the Internet.C. MODEMModem (modulator-demodulator acronym) is a tool that will include(Modulates) digital information (containing bits of "1" and "0") to the carrier signal that areanalog (at low speed signals in the form of sound), and also retrieve informationwhich is sent from the carrier signal. The main goal is to make the modem signalsHARDWARE TO ACCESS THE INTERNET 31which can easily be shipped at the sender and easily changeinto a digital signal again at the receiver. Modems can be used on all types ofanalog signal sending equipment, ranging from the diode, cable to radio.The most widely used example is the modem for voice channels that willconvert the digital signal "1" and "0" from the computer into sounds that can be deliveredthrough the telephone network. On the receiving side at the sound of the phone will accept the changeback into digital data which is forwarded on to the computer via serial cable, USB orEthernet. Modems are usually classified based on the amount of data that can be sentat a time, usually measured in units of bits per second, or "bps".Various fast modems are widely used by Internet users todayespecially in big cities in Indonesia is a cable modem (ie via FastNet) andADSL modem (eg, through Telkom Speedy). The use of the radio modem speedheight is also quite widespread in Indonesia, especially with the technology kembangkannya"Wajanbolic e-goen" and technology RT / RW-net.In regard to telecommunications operators and Internet, are widely used modem microwave(Microwave) that can transmit data at speeds of hundreds also bits per second. AndThe most widely used technology for long distances is to use fiber cableoptics including for connections between countries and continents through submarine cables. Optical modelcan be used to transmit data through fiber optic cable. Optical modem cantransmit data at speeds of about 10 ^ 9 bits per second.Some of the modem view that is widely used in Indonesia in the show onsome pictures below.Figure 2.3 Modem telephone to the Internet (Source: http://www.alibaba.com)Shown in the picture is the computer's internal modem that can be installed into the slotis on the computer. Modems of this type typically used for telephone cable and the pricerelatively cheap. Shown in the end of the modem there is usually a place to enter32 HARDWARE FOR INTERNET ACCESStelephone cable, there are usually two (2) a place of telephone cable in parallel in order toto a regular telephone. In another picture in the show when we entertelephone cord into the internal modem.Existing software in computers generally have been prepared to support the use ofThis internal modem. So we do not need to add additional software. Typemodem to the phone normally works at a maximum speed of about 56kbps,with the condition of the existing telephone network in Indonesia, an average speed that can beachieve only around 30kbps.Figure 2.4 Enter the phone cord into the internal modem(Source: http://www.fastrackcomputing.net/forum/showthread.php?p=1590)Figure 2.5 Various 3G modem (Source: http://freshplastic.vox.com)HARDWARE TO ACCESS THE INTERNET 33Other modem types that are widely used to access the Internet using a cable3G cellular is a modem. 3G modems can be either mobile, or a USB such asflash.Usually we will need additional software to use the modem3G on the computer.Speed Internet access that can be obtained using the 3G modem isdepending on the location of cellular towers that support the 3G access. For a location nearabout 100-200 meters from a 3G mobile service tower, we might obtainInternet access around 1-2 Mbps. For locations outside the cities or areas far from the tower3G mobile operator is likely that we will get quite slow speed around9.6 to 20 Kbps.Figure 2.6 ADSL Modem (Source: http://dare-tech.en.alibaba.com)Type of modem that is increasingly being used in Indonesia is an ADSL modem, ormore commonly known as Speedy Telkom modem. Actually, ADSL modemmany in the market is not purely an internal modem such as modem described above.ADSL Modem which many in Indonesia is a combination with a router in it.They are more accurately called an ADSL router, but most people still call itADSL modem.Computers will be connected to the ADSL modem is usually through a local network or cableEthernet cable. No special software is in needing to plug incomputer to the ADSL modem. Some ADSL modems have been set up whereinclude an Ethernet network cable to up to four (4) computers at once.The maximum speed that can be used in the last generation of ADSL modemsADSL 2 technology is approximately 15Mbps to the distance between home totelephone exchange approximately 1.5 km. At the moment, Telkom Speedy in many places in Indonesia34 HARDWARE FOR INTERNET ACCESShave used the speed of 1Mbps, in some places still speed 384Kbps.Figure 2.7 Laptop with WiFi (Source: http://www.informatiks.co.uk)On the computer types the laptop, usually there is a modem Wireless Fidelity(WiFi) internally which can directly be used in a room that has been availableHotSpot. Most WiFi equipment usually works on the 2.4GHz frequency and5.8GHz. HotSpot is the term used for Internet-based WiFi network ina room. Speed Internet access using Wi-Fi quite fast with1Mbps least speed up to around 54Mbps.D. Wajanbolic E-goen AND RT / RW-NETCheap Internet is perhaps the dream is not only the Indonesian nation, but alsoeveryone in the world. We Indonesian people are lucky enough and inspired manywith presence in Purwakarta Gunadi who find e-goen Wajanbolic antenna.Figure 2.8 Gunadi from Purwakarta, the inventor of e-goen Wajanbolic antenna(Source: http://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/wiki)HARDWARE TO ACCESS THE INTERNET 35Antenna Engineering Wajanbolic e-goen is the development of antenna engineering cansor bazooka antennas ever developed before.With WiFi USB devices mounted on the face of pan with a covered pipe pralonwhich partially lined by aluminum foil or aluminum tape, e-goen Wajanboliccan be used to establish an Internet connection speed 1Mbps s / d 54Mbpsfor distances up to about 3-4 km is sufficient to connect a few homes ina network of RT / RW-net.Figure 2.10 Wajanbolic ready to use e-goen(Source: http://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/wiki)Wajanbolic antenna size relatively simple e-goen. Pralon pipe with a diameter of 3 inches (9cm) were given as long as 20 cm aluminum duct tape. USB WiFi at the input at the position 5.2 cmfrom the end pralon. Pralon region that is not given a long aluminum duct tapepan focus that can be calculated from the diameter of the pan in the depths skillet.Figure 2.9 The size of antenna Wajanbolic e-goen(Source: http://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/wiki)36 HARDWARE FOR INTERNET ACCESSTechniques to make Internet use antennas and antenna Wajanbolic canned e-goennot only make the Indonesian people in awe because it is very simple. Manynation in the world was learning the technique of the Indonesian people to make cheap Internetthem. Some nations in the world has ever invited to give technicalantenna can include South Africa and beyond, Tunisia, Denmark, India, Bhutan,Nepal, Laos, Cambodia and many more. Shown in the picture Onno W. Purbowas teaching in Pretoria, South Africa on cans to make antennanation in Africa in 2003.Figure 2.11 Onno W. Purbo taught antenna manufacture cans in South Africa2003Figure 2.12 The network connection is RT / RW-net(Source: http://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/wiki)HARDWARE TO ACCESS THE INTERNET 37Technique access the Internet using e-goen Wajanbolic widely used forbuild RT / RW-net which basically divide and use the beramairamaian Internet access like in the show in the picture. The process of shared accessInternet conducted by the router. While Internet users can process Relyingperformed using an Ethernet network cable for short distances. As for the distancea little distance, within the scope of an RT or a RW can use the Wireless AccessWajanbolic antenna using e-goen.Using the technique of RT / RW-net, we can access the Internet 24 hours per day withcost on the responsibility shared by the users of the RT or one RW. Average access costsInternet RT / RW-net around Rp. 50-150000, - per month with the Internet that operates 24hours.E. ROUTERRouter is a computer that has the software and hardwarespecifically for the purpose of routing and packet forwarding in computer networks such asInternet. Routers usually have a special operating system, such as Cisco IOS orJuniper Networks JUNOS and JUNOSe or Extreme Networks XOS), usually also incomplete the RAM memory, NVRAM, and flash memory to store data. To routerwith high speed usually need one or more specific processes.Simple and inexpensive routers are widely used in small office, home orWARNET. Often this type of router is built using common computerusing open source software that many can be taken freelyInternet. Some types of this software is Untangle, SmoothWall, IPCop, XORPor quagga.Figure 2.13 Small Router with a wireless access point. (Source:http://www.flexbeta.netRouter can be used to provide connectivity in the office, between offices andInternet, and in the Internet Service Providers (ISPs). Big big router, such asCisco CRS-1 or Juniper T1600 is used to connect the inter-ISP, orused in the ISP. While a small router that can be used to memberikkan38 HARDWARE FOR INTERNET ACCESSnetwork connections for multiple computers in a small office or home.Generally small router as shown in the figure is one type of routerwidely used, especially at home, at work or at school for use inwith an Internet access connection to be used by many computerat once.Most small routers are usually already equipped with the Access Point that is visibleof antennas sticking out behind the router. Access point iscentral base station of a HotSpot network which we find in many restaurants orhotels, especially in big cities. With the HotSpot network, a laptop thatusually already have WiFi equipment in it can be directly connected toInternet without wires.Figure 2.14 Router Mikrotik for ISPs and RT / RW-net (Source:http://www.mikrotik.com)As for the ISP or RT / RW-net in Indonesia, more use of small computersRouterBoard who already have the outside antenna with Mikrotik OS.Some routers of this type already in production in the country like UFOAkses.F. ETHERNET CARDEthernet cards, or often also known as network card, network adapter, LANadapters, or NIC (Network Interface Card) is a computer hardwareallows computers to communicate over a computer network. Ethernet cardsprovide physical access to computer network communications media. In addition, there aresmall program in Ethernet card that provides a communication mechanism in the layerdown through the MAC address. It allows users connected to each otherone another using a cable or wirelessly using a radio / wireless.HARDWARE TO ACCESS THE INTERNET 39Figure 2.15 Ethernet Card (Source: http://pan2.fotovista.com)Ethernet is one of the major key in building local networks that are prevalent inknown as Local Area Network (LAN).At this time, if we buy both a laptop or desktop computer usually ethernetcards are already available in it. It means having to add an ethernet cardaddition of a computer can directly connect to an ethernet networklocal. If we need more than one ethernet card we can addadditional ethernet card as shown in the picture.Ethernet cards connected to a computer motherboard in several ways,● Integrated, the part (built-in) from the motherboard.● Through the PCI slot connection.● Through the connection ISA slots, now it is not used anymore.Some of the technology used by Ethernet, ie,● Fast Ethernet, has a speed of 100 Mbps.● Gigabit Ethernet, has a speed of 1 Gbps.● Optical Fiber, has the speed to 160 Gbps.● Token Ring, has the speed to 100 Mbps.Several speed supported by Ethernet, ie,● 10 Mbps● 100 Mbps● 1000 Mbps● Up to 160 GbpsG. LOCAL NETWORKA local network or more commonly known as Local Area Network (LAN) isa computer network covering a small area, such as home,40 HARDWARE FOR INTERNET ACCESSoffice, a group of buildings such as schools, colleges. LAN construction techniquesis the key to building RT / RW-net to get cheap Internetin Indonesia.Characteristics of different LAN quite far with the network Wide Area Network (WAN)we usually get up to use a phone modem. The fundamental difference existing betweenanother,● LAN speed is much higher, averaging 100Mbps.● The region covered is smaller.● No need communication tools of telecom operators, usuallycan be built by the users because network equipment typically relativelycheap and available on computer.Figure 2.16 Cable RJ45 for Ethernet LAN(Source: http://en.wikipedia.org)Physically, the network equipment that is widely used to build the LAN is,● Ethernet for high speed.● WiFi, for access without wires. Usually used for HotSpot or toRT / RW-net.Ethernet cable connection is used similar to a telephone cable, it's just a cablewho are brought there are eight (8) fruit. Type of ethernet connection is known as an RJ45.The process of installation of the RJ45 connector into the LAN cable is usually assisted by using the toolcrimping.HARDWARE TO ACCESS THE INTERNET 41Figure 2.17 crimping tool (Source: http://en.wikipedia.org)H. SUMMARYIn general there are two (2) how to connect to the Internet, namely the connectionindividual or a single computer, and office connection which consists of manycomputers at once. There are several technologies that are widely used Internet connectionin Indonesia. For an individual connection, the technology is widely used:● Dial-up Modem● Mobile with GPRS or 3G● WiFi HotSpot especially in laptops.For interconnection of offices, which are widely used technologies are:● ADSL Modem● Wireless Internet, such as Wajanbolic● Satellite.I. IMPORTANT TERMSMEANING OF TERMS3G third generation, usually on cellular technology.The fourth generation 4G, usually on mobile technologyADSL Asymetric Digital Subscriber Line, high speed Internet connectionover telephone lines.Canned Antenna Antenna WiFi using tin cans.Bazooka Antenna WiFi Antenna pralon covered using aluminum foil.42 HARDWARE FOR INTERNET ACCESSCorporate users Users of the company.Mechanical crimping the connector attach the LAN cable or telephone cable.Giga Billion.GPRS General Packet Radio Service, data communications technology in cellular networkslow speed.Thousand Kilo.Home user Home users.HotSpot Area / room that has WiFi access to the Internet.Mega Millions.Modem Tool to convert the data into analog signals.NIC Network Interface Card, usually Ethernet.Memory RAM on your computer.RJ-11 type connectors are used in telephone cables.RJ-45 type connectors are used in an Ethernet cable.Router Tool to select the route package.RT / RW-net Computer Network / Internet network in a neighborhood.Antenna Wajanbolic Internet using the Frying Pan.WARNET Public Internet.WiFi Wireless Fidelity, uses radio technology, high-speed Internet.Wireless Radio Technology.J. EVALUATIONa. Problem TheoryDo the questions below.1. Any media which is used for connecting a computer toInternet?2. What a tool that allows multiple computers in a local network can be connectedinto one channel of communication to the Internet?3. Who was the inventor of antenna Wajanbolic e-goen?4. Besides using a skillet or frying pan, what equipment is used inWajanbolic e-goen?5. Mention the name of the type of Internet networks that connect one single RT or RW.6. What communication media that can be used to connect one RW?7. How Did 10Mbps kbps?8. Could we make a router from a computer? What alternativesoftware that can be used?HARDWARE TO ACCESS THE INTERNET 439. How many wires in an ethernet cable or LAN cable?10. How many wires in telephone cables?11. What is the maximum speed of a local network using a LAN?12. Mention the name of Internet radio technology that is widely used in laptop / notebook.13. What's the difference with a WiFi HotSpot?14. What is the name of common tools we use to install the connector on the cable network /LAN cable?15. What is the name cards that can be used on computers to connect to the local network?16. Name two (2) Internet connection using mobile phone technology.17. Modem is short for what?18. What is the frequency of WiFi equipment?19. Give a comparison of the speed of dial-up modem, GPRS, 3G, WiFi and LAN.b. Practice Problem1. Use the Google search engine to do the problems following the practice.2. Tell us in the form of an essay about e-goen Wajanbolic antenna.3. Make a short essay about Bazooka antenna.4. Tell me techniques to create an RT / RW-net.

ACCESS IINTERNETA. PICTURE OF HOW TO ACCESS THE INTERNETIn this chapter, we will discuss ways to access the Internet. Access MethodInternet is widely used in Indonesia are:● Telephone Modem (dial-up)● WiFi HotSpot● LAN connection. Connections in WARNET, including categories of connectionusing a LAN.To access the Internet, make sure the physical medium of communication is connected. Intelephone and LAN connection, cable must be connected into place properly. In additionthat we need a connection to the provider or to a hub. In HotSpot WiFi connection,we must connect to the access point of the HotSpot. In the dial-up, we mustdial to the ISP. On the LAN cable, we must have an IP address.It's finished the process of connecting to the Internet. The next step is to performtest whether the connection has been connected properly there are several ways that canin doing.● Use the ping command in a shell (terminal), for example "ping www.google.com".● Use a Web browser to access the Web.Behind the whole process of connecting to the Internet is no agency or companywhat we usually refer to as an Internet Service Provider (or commonly abbreviated as ISP) anddetermine the success we access the Internet.47 INTERNET ACCESSB. INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER (ISP)Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are companies that provide services to masyaratto access the Internet. Some ISPs use a phone cable to provideInternet access to the community. On this day, particularly in rural areas grewsmall companies ISPs that provide access using Wireless ormore commonly known as RT / RW-net with an affordable price with accessInternet that operates 24 hours per day.Most ISPs will provide free e-mail to its customers so thatenable customers to send / receive e-mails through servers ISPnya.ISPs also sometimes provide services to store files and Web pages.ISPs obtain official permission from the Minister of Communication in Indonesia subscribedorganization the Association of Indonesian Internet Service Provider (APJII). Full list of ISPsofficial in Indonesia can be obtained from the Web APJII exactly on the pagehttp://www.apjii.or.id/layanan/index.php?lang=ind. The number of ISPs in Indonesia in 2007more than one hundred ISPs Indonesian Internet subscribers with an estimated 2 millioncustomers, both individuals and offices. The total number of Internet users inIndonesia is estimated close to 25 million users in 2007.Steps to subscribe to the Internet using an ISP service is quite simple, namely,● Request form to become customers.● Fill out the form, usually need to be equipped with a photo copy of ID card, copy of electric billor water bills / PAM or phone bill to ensure that your stayin situ.● Return the form and pay the required fee.● ISP would then give the "username" and "password" to accessInternet through a network dial-up/HotSpotnya.● ISP RT / RW-net normally will install access equipment RT / RW-net ase-goen Wajanbolic antenna.The cost of Internet access in Indonesia is still a bit expensive but still relatively cheaper incompared with cellular telephone. The average cost of unlimited access operates 24hours was still about Rp. 100-200000, -/month. In some RT / RW-net dare giveaccess 24 hours with very cheap price to Rp. 50.000, -/month.48 INTERNET ACCESSC. TECHNOLOGY IN AN INTERNET SERVICEPROVIDERFigure 3.1 How the Internet Service ProviderIn general, the technology used in an Internet Service Provider (ISP)actually relatively simple, consisting of,1. The connection to the Internet a great use of very high speed.Some ISPs in Indonesia have a speed of up to several Gbps.2. Internet connection in the router connects directly to a large,class typically Cisco or Juniper network. These routers will set the communicationbetween the Internet with customers.3. Usually the ISP will be in pairs are also several servers, both for the Web, mailas well as various other purposes. Most ISP servers are usually builtusing Open Source operating system.Customers will be connected to an ISP using a variety of connection technologiesspeed of several hundred Kbps or Mbps.49 INTERNET ACCESSD. ACCESS CONFIGURATION TECHNICAL OVERVIEWINTERNETFigure 3.2 Setting network configurationIn general, Internet access configuration technique using a dial-up, WiFi and LANUbuntu Linux family are all united on the menu: System → Administration →NetworkFigure 3.3 Detecting the type of connectionTo see that there are all kinds of connections we need to click the menu "Unlock" andenter an administrator password, usually the same as the user password50 INTERNET ACCESSmedium we use.All types of Internet connections that exist on our computers will have on the menuNetwork configuration display. In the example image shown there are three (3) typeInternet connection possible in the configuration, namely,● Wireless connection. For HotSpot WiFi connection.● Wired connection. For a LAN connection.● Point-to-point connection. For connections using dial-up telephone modem.In most LAN networks and WiFi HotSpot especially in WARNET usually already inconfiguration so that users can access automatically without the need to configurenothing else.Usually the next step to do is check whether the network connectiongoing well. How that is done, among others,● Through the shell to do command terminal, for example "ping www.google.com". Appearin Figure 3.1 results from the ping command to the Google network that is connected toSpeedy Internet use.● Browse to the Web on the Internet, misalnyaGoogle http://www.google.com.Figure 3.4 The command ping to google.com51 INTERNET ACCESSE. ACCESSING THE INTERNET USING THE PHONEIn the configuration menu access the Internet using a telephone, a necessary stepdo not much, just fill in / tick,● Check the "Enable this connection".● Phone number: 080989999 example if we use the services telkomnet instant.● Nickname: examples telkomnet @ instant.● Password: examples of telecom. At the time of writing the password will only show up dotblack.Figure 3.5 Set the configuration for the connection with the phoneConfiguration process is finished dial-up connection. To facilitate the processconnection to the Internet using the chart menu, it helps us to install the deviceGnome PPP software in Ubuntu.Through software we can access the Gnome PPP connection via the command52 INTERNET ACCESSApplications → Internet → GNOME PPP.If we use Instant Telkomnet service, the parameters that need to GNOME PPPinput only,● Nickname: telkomnet @ instant● Password: telkom● Phone number: 080989999Figure 3.6 Configuration for Instant TelkomnetPress the "Connect" in the Gnome menu PPP, the modem will work forconnect to the Internet via Instant Telkomnet.One disadvantage of using a dial-up, is,● Phone is used to connect to the Internet can not beused to call / on the phone for Internet access are made.F. LOCAL NETWORK ACCESS THROUGH THE INTERNETLANConfiguring the local network on the LAN at the office or at WARNET usually in the configuration forusers no longer need to configure anything. All configuration is doneautomatically by the DHCP server in the office LAN or WARNET.On networks that do not have a DHCP server, we need to configure the LAN networkmanually using the network configuration facility. Some of the parameters that needmade are:● Check the "Enable roaming mode"● Configuration: Static IP address.53 INTERNET ACCESS● IP address: 192.168.0.3 examples.● subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 example● Gateway address: 192.168.0.222 example.Figure 3.7 Set the configuration to access the Internet through LANValue of an IP address, subnet mask and gateway should you ask your administratorcomputer network in your area. Engineering design of IP address allocation and routing incomputer network is usually a matter of teaching to students in SchoolSecondary Vocational Education (SMK) majoring Computer Engineering and Networks (TKJ). For youwho want to learn it can take a lesson materials TKJ SMKfrom the site at the address opensource.telkomspeedy.comhttp://125.160.17.21/speedyorari/index.php?dir=pendidikan/materi-kejuruan/tkj-kkpiG. USING THE INTERNET ACCESS HOTSPOTTechniques to access the Internet using WiFi HotSpot much simplerthan dial-up facilities, with much higher speeds and usually costsmuch cheaper even in some hotels / restaurants can be accessed for free.Figure 3.8 Set the configuration to access the Internet via a HotSpot54 INTERNET ACCESSFor most applications the connection using WiFi / HotSpot we do not needtouch menu for network configuration as it is already operatingautomatic. The connecting using WiFi HotSpot is relatively simple, namely,● Make sure the WiFi on the laptop is active. Usually there is a button on the laptop to activateWiFi built-in laptop.● Click on the images of two (2) screen that coincide with each other in the right cornerour computer desktop screen. This will cause the Linux operating system scanWireless network and displays the SSID names HotSpot aroundus.● Click on the name of one of HotSpot is where we want to connect. In the pictureFor example, we continued HotSpot named "linksys".It's finished grafting process computer / laptop to a WiFi HotSpot network. SomeHotSpot sometimes require manual configuration process, then we cando so by choosing "Manual configuration", the configuration processexactly the same as regular LAN network configuration.Some things to look at in the HotSpot configuration process is,● Stealing HotSpot access the Internet from a personal or paid is not such a great cause.Stealing access is an action that is not kosher and the consequential heavy.● Most of the HotSpot paid to operate the mechanism of protection, sois not going to be easily accessed by ordinary users.● Part of Hotel, Restaurant and Cafe is to be able to operate HotSpotaccessed free of charge in the hope that the visitors of restaurants and cafescan better enjoy their visit.H. ACCESSING THE INTERNET USING ADSLFor those of you who are connected to the Internet via ADSL network, usually a connectioncarried out through ADSL router which is connected to a computer using a LAN cable.ADSL modem configuration process is usually done via the Web to the IP address of the routerADSL. The IP address that is widely used ADSL router is 192.168.1.1. ViewsADSL modem configuration menu shown in the picture.ADSL router configuration steps in general are as follows,● Enter the username and password at the time of ADSL routers in access via the Web.● The parameters that need to be considered in configuring the ADSL router is,Encapsulation (usually PPPoE), multiplexing (typically LLC), VPI, VCI,Username and Password. Value of VPI, VCI, username and password are usually55 INTERNET ACCESSdepending on the configuration performed by the telecoms. Should the check intoTelkom at the time of subscription.For those of you who want to learn more about techniques to ADSL configurationread-or read in http://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/wiki/index.php/Sekitar_ADSLin the book Onno W. Purbo, "User Handbook ADSL and Speedy", ElexmediaKomputindo.Figure 3.9 Set the configuration to access the Internet via ADSL networkI. RT / RW-NETWith the growing rise of RT / RW-net in Indonesia which led to more and morepeople can access the Internet with the cheap cost of Rp. 50-100000, -/month toInternet access 24 hours then the network configuration techniques in RT / RW-net the more interestingfor the view.Actually, the network configuration techniques RT / RW-net exactly the same configurationHotSpot WiFi network and regular LAN network. Which differ only at a distance56 INTERNET ACCESSLLCVPI & VCIusername &passwordPPPoE / PPPoAjangkaunya only. In tissue RT / RW-net will usually reach a large area,● Wireless Networking RT / RW-net can reach up to about 2-4 km.● LAN networking RT / RW-net can reach up to 500 meters - 1 km.In WiFi HotSpot network and LAN networks, including WARNET, usually the regionthat reach will be limited to a narrow region in an office or room.Means range is usually only about 100-200 meters.To be able to reach so far, a trick that needs to be done is,● Using a large external antenna, such as e-goen Wajanbolic antenna, forWiFi HotSpot network. All WiFi devices inserted into the box from being damagedexposed to rain or bad weather.● Using an additional relay in the form of a hub or switch to a wired LANcan travel long distances. All cables need to be inserted into the pipe LAN pralonbeing damaged by bad weather.The main drawback RT / RW-net is,● Lightning, which will consume network equipment.● Thief.J. SUMMARYTo access the Internet, we need an Internet Service Provider (ISP). From the sidetechnology, the core of an ISP only router equipment and servers who assisted equipmenttelecommunications to distribute data. Most of this equipment can be builtsimply using open source tools.Network that can be used to achieve various ISPs, such as networkdial-up telephone, cellular network (GPRS and 3G), Speedy ADSL, wireless, RT / RW-net, andSatellite.Technical communication equipment configuration basically consists of two (2) parts, namely:● grafting technique. We can connect by way calling, orassociated with wireless networks and ADSL networks. Processgrafting usually requires some authentication techniques, such asphone number, username, password, SSID. The simplest method isJust a cable connection, usually on a local network LAN.● Engineering acquisition number of IP addresses. Usually done automatically by57 INTERNET ACCESScomputer, but can also be done manually.K. IMPORTANT TERMSMEANING OF TERMSAccess Point Base Station from a HotSpot.APJII Indonesian Internet Service Provider Association, an association of ISPs inIndonesia.dial-up Internet connection via telephone cable.DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, a communications procedureenable delivery address for the computer automaticallynetwork.Interrnet Service Provider ISP, corporate Internet access providers.Open Source software with an open prpgram.Keywords passwords.ping software to check the length of time to send data from onecomputer to another.Server machines that provide services on the network.TKJ Computer Engineering and Networksusername The user name,L. EVALUATIONa. Problem TheoryWork on about below!1. What is the main function of an Internet Service Provider?2. What are the main components of an Internet Service Provider?3. Indicate the type of communication media that is often used by individuals toconnected to the ISP.4. Any server that is usually put at the ISP?5. What is the function of the router at the ISP?6. What are the main differences of communication media types individuals and offices inconnected to the Internet?7. What needs to be considered in connecting the telephone modem to the Internet?8. Where does the username & password for dial-up available?9. How do we see the HotSpot network?10. Could we choose the SSID of the network HotSpot will we call?11. Could a computer on the LAN network connected to the Internet without the need ofconfiguration at all?58 INTERNET ACCESS12. What is the function of an IP address?13. How do I menngek connection to the Internet?14. What is the range of wireless equipment in the RT / RW-net?15. Should we use the Internet to connect your Wireless equipmentcomputer equipment in the RT / RW-net at a distance of 50 meters?16. Should the router on the network RT / RW-net?Practice ProblemWrite in the form of essays.1. Go into some WARNET near you. Ask what kind of technology usedto access the Internet, how much speed, and how many computersconnected to the Internet.2. Do a simple survey to find out how much the average cost of Internet access inWARNET, cafes, restaurants, or hotels that are around where you live.

USING THE WEB for surfing DIIIINTERNETA. HISTORY OF WORLD WIDE WEBWorld Wide Web ("WWW" or shorter "Web") is a media informationwhere global users can read and write via computers connectedto the Internet. Web term is often synonymous with the Internet itself, thoughproblems does the Web is one of the services that operate over the Internet as well ase-mail. History of the Internet occurred long before the Web was developed.Figure 4.1 Prof. Sir Tim Berners-Lee the inventor of the Web.(Source: http://en.wikipedia.org)USING THE WEB FOR Surfing the Internet 61History cope Web began in 1980, when an Englishman named Tim Berners-Leeworking at CERN (the European Atomic Energy Agency) to make Enquire, a basepersonal data and software models. Berners-Lee also introduced the concept of hypertext, inwhere any new information page on Enquire connected directly to the pageexisting.Figure 4.2 NeXT machine, the Web Server first in the world. Source: http://en.wikipedia.orgIn 1984, Tim Berners-Lee returned to CERN and the idea thatall physicists in the world need to share data. Unfortunately, there is no hardwareand software that enable it to happen. Team boss, Mike Sendall,asks Tim to incorporate his ideas on a NeXT workstation machinerecently accepted by CERN. At that time, there are some names that are prepared toBerners-Lee's ideas, including Information Mesh, The Information Mine, or Mine ofInformation, and the World Wide Web that finally selected.In December 1990, Tim Berners-Lee managed to make all the devicesneeded for the Web to work., that is the first Web browser, WorldWideWeb(Which is also a Web editor), the first Web server (info.cern.ch), and Web pagesthe first that describes the project. Browsers that developedUSENET discussion groups can access and also access the FTP file. Unfortunately,Web browsers can only be run on a NeXT machine. Then, Nicola Pellowcreate a simple browser which can be operated on almost all computers.Paul Kunz of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), visited CERN onin May 1991 and is very interested in the Web. Paul brought home softwareNeXT to SLAC, where librarian Louise Addis and then adapt them tooperating system VM / CMS that runs on IBM mainframes to showcatalog of online documents at SLAC. Web This is the first Web server outsideEurope and North America's first.62 make use of the N WEB to surf the InternetOn August 6, 1991, Tim Berners-Lee wrote a brief resume of the World projectWide Web at alt.hypertext discussion group. This date was later marked asWeb appearance date was first publicly on the Internet.B. WEB BROWSERWeb browser is a software application that allows users todisplay and interact with text, images, videos, music and variousother information contained on Web pages in a site on the Internet or atlocal network. Writing and images on Web pages can have hyperlinks toAnother Web page on the same machine or on other web sites. Web browserlets users quickly and easily access the information givenby many Web sites by way of exploring the link. Web browserHTML formatting information for broadcast. Because it views the Web page a littlediffer from one browser to another web browser.There are several Web browsers that we can use, such as Mozilla Firefox, Safari,Konqueror, Opera, Flock, Epiphany, K-Meleon and AOL Explorer. Currently, FirefoxWeb browser is the best that is widely used on the Internet. For those of you whousing the Linux operating system Ubuntu, Firefox will automatically installed when youinstall the operating system.Most Web browsers are used as agents of HTTP users. Although morewidely used to access the World Wide Web, Web browsers can also be usedto access information on the Web server on the local network and the contents of the file system inhard drive.Figure 4.3 Web browser to access files that exist on one site opensourceUSING THE WEB FOR Surfing the Internet 63Figure 4.3 is an example of using a Web browser to access files that exist inTELKOMSpeedy opensource site at the addresshttp://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/speedyorari/ which contains dozens of giga-byte file,books, and libraries that can be taken freely.Figure 4.4 Web browser to access files on other computers in the networkFor those of you who are in the local computer network and enable the Network facilitiesNeighbourhood, you can easily view the files in various folders onanother computer using a Web browser with the address smb: / / address-ip-computer.Note the address used is smb: / / rather than http:// commonly used inWeb. With the address smb: / / address-ip-computer, we can access the folder on your computerother. In Figure 4.4 shows the use of the Web browser to access fileson the computer smb: / / 192.168.0.1 /.64 make use of the N WEB to surf the InternetFigure 4.5 Web browser for mengkses files on your own computer in the folder / homeAnother benefit is the Web browser to view the files that exist on our own computersby using the address file: / / / folder / that / would / you / see / as in Figure 4.5.C. TAKING THE INTERNET IN FIREFOX BROWSEROne of our favorite browser which can be downloaded on the Internet and we use itSmoking is Firefox. This browser is already installed and ready for your use if youusing the Linux operating system Ubuntu. If you do not already have this browser, yourhttp://www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/ to download them through the site. InWeb pages have menus Download to pick up the Firefox browser.USING THE WEB FOR Surfing the Internet 65Figure 4.6 Display Mozzila websiteD. ANATOMY OF A BROWSERFigure 4.7 Anatomy of a browser66 make use of the N WEB to surf the InternetAnatomy of a browser is shown in Figure 4.7. Parts of the Web browseris as follows.● Title Bar - to show the title of the Web that is being accessed.● Address Bar - to show the website address.● Navigation key - to navigate the Web, such as back, forward.● Menu Bar - contains some additional menus, such as Bookmarks, File, Print, etc..● Google Bar - to type in search keywords on Google.At the moment we use a Web browser, first we need to use isAddress Bar. In the Address Bar you can type a Web address that we will access,eg http://www.google.com or http://www.detik.com.E. SEARCH ENGINE SEARCH ENGINEThe success we are using the Web search engine on the Internet to determine the successwe surf and well informed. The search engine is the engine thatdesigned to search for information on the World Wide Web. Such information can beWeb pages, images, and various types of files. Some search engines also explore datafrom newspapers, books, databases, or the various directories that are open. UnlikeWeb directories, which are made by human editors, search engines operate usingalgorithm or a mix of algorithms and human input.There are quite a lot of automated search engine on the Internet. Some good search enginesand famous on the Internet are:● Google http://www.google.com● Yahoo http://www.yahoo.comFigure 4.8 Display Google's search engineUSING THE WEB FOR Surfing the Internet 67Display the Google search engine is very simple (see Figure 4.8). On this pageThe main search engines have the main menu of the column where we insert the wordkey information that will we seek.F. FIND IN INTERNET ENGINEERING effectivelyWeb search engine will help us in the process of information search. Challengewe face is how to put the right keywords into a search engineso we do not get too much or too little informationmakes us unable to find the information we seek. Of course, like allother skills, much practice will make us become proficient.Memullaii PencarriianBefore you start searching, we need to define a topic that we will findand as complete as possible. If necessary, we can write down all the informationwe need, why we seek such information and what information we do notneed. This will lead us to define keywords (keywords) is appropriatein the search process.If we do not have the focus, we will drown in the sea of information withoutaimlessly for hours without obtaining useful information.Katta KunciiAvg Interner users enter keywords in the search 1.5, which actuallywoefully inadequate. It is recommended to use 6-8 word selectedwell, particularly nouns and object name. Avoid using the verbor adjective. Example the keyword "History of Port of Batavia."Use FrrasaThe combination of powerful keyword phrases should be shaped. The phrase is a combinationof two or more words that must be found in the document you are looking for EXACTLYsuch as word order we want. For example, we can enter the phrase,such as, "Mount Tangkuban Perahu" in quotes to search engines.68 make use of the N WEB to surf the InternetG. Basic Boolean OperationsSearch for "Boolean" (taken from George Boole, a 19th century mathematicianfind the field of symbolic logic) is a search technique that allows usto obtain maximum results. Boolean searches are very simple to learnand very effective. There are three (3) command (operator) Boolean that is often used, namelyAND, OR and AND NOT.Examples of keywords with Boolean operations, "kite flying" AND "airfield."In this way we can narrow the search results.H. Quick Tips for Finding● Use nouns as keywords. Never use the wordconnective ("and" "or"), or the word pointer ("to" the "from"), or word title("The" "the").● Use 6 to 8 keywords per search.● If possible, combine keywords into phrases by usingquotation marks, such as "Milky Way".● spell properly. Also try using a different spelling.● Avoid repeated term.● Check the menu "help" in the search engines to obtain the best possible way.I. SOME GOODIES FOR LEARNING SITESThere are some interesting sites for teaching and learning process, although somethe site in English. Here are some science sites inInternet.● http://id.wikipedia.org● http://en.wikipedia.org● http://www.ipl.org● http://www.ipl.org/div/kidspace/● http://www.homeworkspot.comFor those of you who wish to seek knowledge in the Indonesian language, you shouldgo to some sites in Indonesian language below.● http://www.oke.or.id/● http://bse.depdiknas.go.id/● http://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/bse - site copy of the Document.● http://www.psmk.netUSING THE WEB FOR Surfing the Internet 69Sites that are useful primarily for supporting the translation process are:● http://translate.google.com● http://www.toggletext.comTo save an Internet connection, you can save your search resultsUSB flash and hard drive can easily be seen by your friends.J. MANAGING WEB ADDRESSFigure 4.9 Bookmarks to store web addresses frequentedThe number of interesting Web on the Internet makes us often difficult to remember addressWeb sites we visit. Luckily, there are menus in Firefox Browser Bookmarksto save the addresses of interesting Web sites and we need to visit again.Here are the steps to enable the Bookmarks.● Browse to your favorite Web addresses.● Press the Ctrl-D to enable the Bookmarks.70 make use of the N WEB to surf the Internet● On the Bookmarks menu, you can choose a folder to store bookmarksor create new folders.● Once you select a folder, press the "Done". Bookmarks process finished,and all the sites that you enter in the Bookmarks you can access backeasily.Figure 4.10 Contents Page BookmarkedK. SEARCH RESULTS AND DOWNLOAD STOREWhen surfing the Internet, one thing you'll often do issearch files, books, pictures, songs, software attractive to use, evenmay be developed. You can identify the types of files from the file extension.Some file extensions are widely available on the Internet are listed in Table 4.1File Type Extension. Pdf files of documents or e-book; can be read using a browser on Linux.. Jpg. Gif. Png image file, can be opened and edited using the GIMP.. Mp3. Wav sound files, can be played using the Movie Player or RhytmboxMusic Player.. Avi. Mpg. Mov video files, can be played using the Movie Player.. Exe files Windows program; in part can be run using Wine ordosemu.. Zip. Rar. Tar files are compressed collection; can be opened using the unzip program,gunzip, unrar and tar.Table 4.1 Extensions there is lots of files on the InternetUSING THE WEB FOR Surfing the Internet 71On this occasion we will discuss how to save search results or downloaded fromInternet. Examples of sites that used here is a SourceForge http://www.sf.net yangis the world's largest site that stores software indevelopment of open source programmers around the world. Sites like this are also stillin the process of development in Indonesia. Steps you need to do isas follows.● Access to the site http://www.sf.net/● Enter the keywords from the software you want to search, for example, "Sniffer".Then click the Search button or press the Enter key.● List of software that meets the criteria of your keywordstype will be displayed. Click on the software that interest you.● You will go to a Web page from the software that interest you. Selectmenu "Download" and select the software you want. In somesoftware usually have more than one version of the device. Shown in Figure4:11 preview is a list of software that can be downloaded.● Usually the downloaded file will be on the desktop that you can access atfolder / home / user / Desktop (assuming the user's username is the user).Figure 4.11 Display sourceforge.net, where to download programsopensource72 make use of the N WEB to surf the InternetIn Figure 4.11 appears the structure of a software page at SourceForge. Theresome menus that important to carefully look at where penyimpana a software, namely:● menu to download the software● a description of the software● Additional information, such as screenshots, news and so forth.L. PRINTING FROM THE WEB SEARCH RESULTSYou can print the view that you access the Web. There are two (2) facilitiesprovided by Web browsers to help the printing process, namely:● Print Preview - to view the printout on the screen.● Print - to print (can also be activated using the Ctrl key P).Both the menu you can access through the File menu in the Menu Bar.Figure 4.12 Displaying the print previewUSING THE WEB FOR Surfing the Internet 73Figure 4.13 Display the print previewIn the Print Preview you can see the possibility of printing the resultsWeb that you access. A Web page might just be more than onepages when you print.M. BLOGGER WORLDBlog which is short for "Web Log" is a Web site with a menuwritings, commentaries, including graphics and video material that is usually operated byindividuals. Blog entries or posts in order of their times. Blogging isverb that means to add the contents of a blog.Most Blogs provide commentary or news on a matter. Another function of74 make use of the N WEB to surf the Internetthe blog is as an online diary. Most blog combines text, images,multimedia and links to other blogs, web pages, various other media-relatedwith the topic being discussed. Openness readers to post commentsin the form of highly interactive becomes a very important part of many blogs.In December 2007, blog search engine Technorati http://technorati.com/detected more than 112 million blogs in the world.Figure 4.14 Mr Enda Nasution Indonesian Blogger. (Source: http://flickr.com)Blogs become an alternative media other than newspapers, magazines, television, radio and media communicationsother. Writing a blogger often we find in the usual mass media. Manypeople believe that blogs will become an alternative mass media in the future. Even Googlecreate a special search facility for the blog at the addresshttp://www.google.co.id/blogsearch?hl=id.Activities of the bloggers in Indonesia are not far behind with the activities of bloggersother in the World. According to estimates, there are more than 300,000 bloggers in Indonesia. OneIndonesia is a prominent blogger Enda Nasution http://enda.goblogmedia.com/. EndaNasution is a writer and is often called the "Father of the Blogger Indonesia." Hemany appear in the conventional media to promote the use of blogs. Currently,Enda lived and worked in Jakarta after previously working as an Internet MarketingStrategist in Bangkok, Thailand.USING THE WEB FOR Surfing the Internet 75N. BLOGGER HISTORY IN INDONESIAAccording to Enda Nasution, bloggers in Indonesia can be divided into three (3) generation, namely:● The first generation, 1998-2001, usually gathered in the machine msn.or.id(Now gone). Directory was created inhttp://www.coolnetters.com/indoblog.html. Blog content more or less still a journalpersonal. Tools used are LiveJournal and blogger.com.● The second generation, year 2001-2002's to the present. Enda Nasution includingin this generation. The contents of blogs are more personal. In the second generation beginemerging communities of bloggers, like, blogbugs (Indonesia), bbv.or.id(Bandung), angkringan (Jogja), tukanglenong (Jakarta). The number of bloggers started a lot,had held a meeting ground. blogbugs.com until now still be the onlyIndonesian bloggers directory. Tool used is blogger.com, MT,and pMachine● The third generation, from 2004 until today, overlaps with the generationtwo. The first generation for one reason or another no longer exists. Third Generationmore "techie" and gathered in id-gmail being forced to have to have a blog. InThis third generation started many blogs with specific topics that are no longerpersonal journal. Usually these blogs are the second or third blog of bloggersalready have a blog journal. Tool used wordpress, MT.O. BLOG GET IN BLOGDETIKFor activities you can try using a blog, in this section you willlearn how to create a blog using the site services BlogDetikhttp://www.blogdetik.com that gives us a blog site for free. Stepto register to the site are as follows BlogDetik.● Go to site BlogDetik http://www.blogdetik.com or http://blogdetik.com.● Click "Register Now" or http://blogdetik.com/wp-signup.php address.● Fill (1) "User Name" that you want, and (2) "Email Address" you. Clickbutton "Next".● Enter "Blog Title" you want. Click the button "Signup". Will BlogDetiksend e-mail to e-mail address you provided previously. Waitsome time to receive e-mail.● e-mail In nature there will be a link to a website address that you must click and passwordto access the blog you just created.● After the registration process in BlogDetik finished, you can start usingBlogDetik.The registration process in BlogDetik shown by Figure 4.15.76 make use of the N WEB to surf the InternetFigure 4.15 Display blogdetik.comThrough the menu "Register Now" link on the right side somewhat above, you canregister to obtain their own blog site at BlogDetik. There is no limitwill the number of blog sites that can be owned by someone, BlogDetik allows us tohave several blog pieces at once.Figure 4:16 Register at blogdetik.comUSING THE WEB FOR Surfing the Internet 77The first thing you need to do is to enter the registration process:● User name - you can fill with your own name without a space, nameschool, or group name if you want to create a blog for the group.● Address Email - make sure you enter your e-mail address that can be contactedby BlogDetik because it is very important for BlogDetik to check andtell a password to access BlogDetik.● Make sure you mencetang "Give me a blog!" For BlogDetik provideto your blog for free.After all you do is complete click the "Next" to continue the processinstallation. The next step you need to do is write "Blog Title".Use a title that is interesting and could represent the content of your blog that willgovernance. When finished writing the blog title, you can click "Signup" which willactivate BlogDetik to send a confirmation and password to your e-mail.P. LOGIN TO BLOGDETIKTo get into BlogDetik, you can use:● Address http://blogdetik.com/wp-login.php or● Menu "username" and "password" which is on the front page BlogDetik.Figure 4.17 Login to blogdetik.com78 make use of the N WEB to surf the InternetVenue LoginEnter your username and password and you begin to indulge in your blog.Q. WRITE IN BLOGDETIKTo write on your blog, do the following steps.● After login, you will see the Dashboard Blog at BlogDetik.● Click the "Write".● Writing the headline in the "Title"● Write an article or writing that you want in the "Post"● Once you are satisfied with the piece, you can click the "Publish"which is on the right side under the column "Post". Do not be afraid to makeerrors because you can edit it later on.Figure 4.18 Start writing in blogdetik.comIn Figure 4.18 appears on the display that appears when your articles or writings inUSING THE WEB FOR Surfing the Internet 79BlogDetik. The column "Title" and "Post" looks pretty clear at the top, while the "Save"and "Publish" found in the bottom right of the "Post". In addition to writing, youcan include images, video, other Web addresses to your blog.Figure 4.19 Example of writing in blogdetik.comTo see the writing on the blog, you can directly access your blog's address,eg http://onnopurbo.blogdetik.com/.The advantage to write a blog is:● post does not have to be long, short writing paragraphs 1-2 are acceptable● free paper theme, even including poetry, songs, recipes● do not have to follow the rules of correct language.Although free, there are things that you should not write on a blog, namely:● Writing that encela, slandering and criticizing others● A document that contains things that are not good, such as gambling, violence, andpornography.Bloggers who write these things will be prosecuted in court based onInformation Act and Electronic Transactions.80 make use of the N WEB to surf the InternetR. SUMMARYWe can access the Web using a Web browser such as Mozilla Firefox,Konqueror, and Opera. The application is very helpful when we surf the Web issearch engines, especially Google (www.google.com) and Yahoo (www.yahoo.com). Manyapplications on the Web that is very useful for education, such as Wikipedia,Internet Public Library, and font size.With a Web browser, we can manage a Web address that we frequent,retrieve files, and print the search results easily. We also can makeWeb pages easily with the help of facilities such as BlogDetik blog(Http://www.blogdetik.com).S. IMPORTANT TERMSMEANING OF TERMSBlog is short for. Web log. from being a site that containsrecord someone on the Web.Bloggers People who like to create a blog.CERN Organisation Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire, Organizational ResearchNuclear Europe.Download Retrieve files from a server in the network.FTP File Transfer Protocol, procedures for communication for transferring files betweencomputer.HTML Hyper Text Markup Language, a markup language used tocreate a web page.HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol, the communication procedure for transferring the web fromserver to another computer.Search Engine The search engine on the Internet.Web browser A software application that allows users to access Webor server on the network.WWW World Wide Web are often in short Web.Techie is a derivative of the word technology, usually represent people whovery fond of technology.Upload file put on a network server.Usenet Shorthand. User. and. Network., an Internet discussion system thatdistributed globally. Usenet UUCP technology intransfer the discussion.USING THE WEB FOR Surfing the Internet 81T. EVALUATIONa. Problem TheoryDo the questions below.1. In countries where the Web was first created?2. From which country came Tim Berners-Lee?3. What is the function of the browser?4. Mention at least two (2) the name of the Web browser you may know.5. Could we use a browser to view the files in your computer?6. How do I use the browser to view the files on another computer?7. What are the main functions of search engines?8. Name some libraries in the Internet.9. Could we borrow a book from the library on the Internet?10. How to manage and save our favorite site address?11. How do I print a web page we are reading?12. Who is Mr Blogger Indonesia?13. What form will the web address of our colleagues Blog banuherlambang in blogdetik.com?14. Is it possible to insert images, songs, videos in a blog?15. What are the extension of the song files?16. Extension. Pdf is usually used for what file types?17. Could it be. Exe file contains a virus?b. Practice ProblemWork on this matter following practice.1. Tell us your experience when you first use the Internet.2. Take a book about the things you love in a virtual library of existingon the Internet.

A. OVERVIEW E-MAILElectronic mail or electronic mail, or commonly abbreviated by e-mail, email, oreMail is a method for relaying a letter, ranging from writing, sending, receiving,and storage of letters through electronic communication systems. The term "e-mail" (asnoun or verb) is usually intended for e-mail systems on the Internet thatsent using the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).By using e-mail we can send a letter quickly in all directionsworld within a few seconds. Even more interesting, we can get together withmany friends on the Internet to discuss using e-mail through the mailing list.HOW KERJJA E - MAIILFigure 5.1 shows how the system in a simple e-mail. In the picture, the e-mail is sent from the computer Ani by e-mail address to ani@a.idBeno computer with e-mail address beno@b.id.Figure 5.1 How it Works E-mail It SimpleUSING E-MAIL 85In Figure 5.1 are shown in order of the process of sending an e-mail. Steps that willoccur are as follows.1. Ani (ani@a.id) write e-mails on his computer using software towrite e-mails, such as Thunderbird or Evolution. In the To: field enter Anie-mail address beno@b.id destination. "Send" button he hit to send an e-mail toISP's SMTP server machine named smtp.a.id. A2. After the engine smtp.a.id receive e-mails of Ani (ani@a.id) addressed toBeno (beno@b.id), menngecek smtp.a.id server e-mail address of the destination (in this casebeno@b.id). Smtp.a.id engine needs information to the server where the e-mail tob.id machine must be addressed. To obtain such information smtp.a.id machineasked to Name Server (NS) ns.b.id on the Internet that carries information aboutb.id. domain3. Machine Name Server ns.b.id notify smtp.a.id machine, that all e-mailaddressed to b.id should be sent to the machine smtp.b.id.4. After obtaining the answers from ns.b.id, that e-mails should be sent to the machinesmtp.b.id, then smtp.a.id machine trying to contact the machine smtp.b.id. Aftersmtp.b.id machine succeeded in calling, smtp.a.id machine will send a text e-mails fromAni (ani@a.id) addressed to Beno (beno@b.id) to the machine smtp.b.id.5. Beno (beno@b.id) software that is running reader e-mail atcomputer will retrieve e-mail from the server smtp.b.id. E-mail from Ani (ani@a.id)will be fetched and can be read locally on the computer Beno (beno@b.id).The whole process of sending e-mail and it will take a few seconds only, includingto achieve the goals in the Americas or Europe. Of course the above is not the only,Another widely used way to send e-mail is to useWebmail intermediaries. Webmail working principle is also similar to what is described above,only software on the side of Ani in the form of a web accessible via the Internet.In general there are two (2) the mechanism of the process for reading e-mails that oftenused, namely:1. use e-mail client as described.2. use Webmail which is basically just replacing the e-mail softwareclient into a Web application that can be accessed via the network.Some of the major differences between Webmail and e-mail client you can see in Table5.1.86 make use of the N E-MAILWebmail E-mail ClientThe device in the computer Web Browser Evolution, ThunderbirdA place to store e-mail the Web server on the Internet hard drive on our computerE-mail retrieved from the server? No YesThe number of e-mails stored large Depending Limited hard driveTo read the required access to the Internet did not take Internet AccessWithout the Internet? Unable to read can be readSlow access speeds so fastAccess from another computer? Can, via Internet UnableTable 5.1 Differences between Webmail and e-mail clientABOUT cursory WEBMAIILWebmail (or Web-based e-mail) is an e-mail service that can be made foraccessed via the Web. Webmail different from an e-mail through e-mail softwareclients, such as Mozilla's Thunderbird, or Apple Inc.. 's Mail. Some service providersis a popular webmail Gmail, Yahoo Mail, Hotmail and AOL.In 1997, before the acquisition by Microsoft, Hotmail provide Webmail servicewhich became very popular Webmail first. After the success of Hotmail, Googlebegan to introduce gmail in 2004. Gmail interesting because some featuresmain, namely JavaScript menus, text-based ads, and e-mail storagevery large.The main advantage of using Web mail than e-mail using the e-mailWebmail client is the user can access his mailbox (Inbox) from allInternet-connected computers worldwide. However, the necessity ofInternet access makes Webmail problems. Webmail is only useful when there isInternet connection. In addition, Webmail access speed depends on the conditionsnetwork.SEPIINTAS ON E - MAIIL CLIIENTE-mail software client or Mail User Agent (MUA) or sometimes called a readere-mail is in the computer software used to manage e-mail. Terme-mail client is also used to refer to an agent who works as a clienttowards an e-mail server, which can be either MUA, server to relay e-mail, orman who wrote directly using the terminal and telnet program. Web Applicationswhich have functions that are relevant to e-mail is often also regarded as an e-USING E-MAIL 87mail client.There are several e-mail software client that can be used in the Linux operating system,namely:1. Thunderbird2. Evolution.Evolution has been installed by default in Ubuntu Linux, while Thunderbird has notinstalled on Linux Ubuntu. In this section we will discuss two e-mail clientwidely used in Linux Ubuntu family.USING WEBMAIIL Plasa .. COMOne of the free Webmail that is widely used in Indonesia is that the plasa.comoperated by friends of Telkom. To obtain an account on Webmailplasa.com, we can access,1. Web http://www.plasa.com → email → list.2. Or directly at the address http://plasa2.plasa.com/index.php?option = com_wrapper & Itemid = 22Figure 5.2 Filling the personal data on plasa.comThrough the registration menu you can enter some data in the request for the contentsbefore plasa.com provide e-mail to us for free. The data in88 make use of the N E-MAILrequested include, full name, birth date, gender, address, city, province,and e-mail address is also nothing else before. We also are allowed by plasa.comto choose a username that we want and password.Your e-mail us at plasa.com will be as - username-anda@plasa.com.Save this information carefully to be used to communicate with other colleagues inIndonesia.For the protection plasa.com provide facilities for the questions and answers.Enter a question that has a single response, for example, your favorite food?Answers can be either a name, for example, fried rice.Figure 5.3 Inserting the image code plasa.comAfter all data entered, plasa.com will display the rules givenby plasa.com to the user. Make sure you to check the words "I've readand agrees with what is written in the disclaimer. " Finally, before pressing the button"Submit", type the code rendered images plasa.com. This code is given to protectionplasa.com from automated spammers.It's finished in plasa.com account creation process. We can begin to communicateUSING E-MAIL 89use e-mail with other friends on the Internet using the facilities ofplasa.com them.Figure 5.4 Login to plasa.comTo enter and use our plasa.com need to log in and enter the username &password. How to get into plasa.com can go through,1.Web plasa.com http://www.plasa.com → mail.2.Atau directly to the address http://login2.plasa.com/signon/usernamePasswordLogin.doEnter your username and password that we have to a column username & passwordavailable. Then press the "Login" to enter.90 make use of the N E-MAILFigure 5.5 Write a letter in plasa.comOnce we entered the facility mail, we can see some features that makeuse e-mail operations in plasa.com. Facilities that will be frequently used is Mailbox Write a letterIn the mailbox facility we can see a variety of e-mail into the mailboxus. By clicking on one of these e-mails we can read the incoming news.On the Compose Mail facilities, we can send an e-mail to others. Basicallywe need to write a minimum of four (4) things sequentially, ie,1.Tujuan mail (To:) to e-mail address which will be sent.2.Perihal/subjek e-mail.3.Isi news.4.Tekan the "Send" or "Send" when we have finished writing a letter / newsUSING E-MAIL 91Newswe want to send.Only with this very simple knowledge, we can send letterselectronically to friends around the world. Surely we must know each othere-mail address of each.SEND FILE DII WEBMAIIL Plasa .. COMFigure 5.6 Sending files via plasa.comSometimes we need to send text, images, documents, presentation materials to a personother. The simplest way is to use the facility attachment / insertion in the email.On the e-mail attachment facility plasa.com / inserts found on the bottom ofwrite a letter.Basically, not many steps that need to be done to insert / mengattachedfiles to be sent via e-mail. These measures are,92 make use of the N E-MAIL1. Press the button "browse" and locate the file name, image, documents to be sent throughe-mail.2. Make sure the file name listed in the column attachment / insertion.3. Press the button "send" if the destination address, subject, and the news has been completed we write foraccompanying e-mail.Usually the size of files that are allowed to be sent via e-mail is very limited at all,average limit will be around a maximum of 4 MByte.USING SOFTWARE E - MAIIL CLIIENT EVOLUTIIONFor those of you who use your own computer, usually already available in the system applicationoperations that can help to read your e-mail locally on the computer weuse. This application is commonly referred to as e-mail client.Patterns of work an e-mail client is very simple,● Set up e-mail client to enter the name of our e-mail server, username andpassword.● Set up e-mail client to know the e-mail server where to relay email.Usually for Telkom users can use smtp.telkom.net.Some things that cause the use of e-mail client to be interesting, among othersis,1. The number of e-mail that can store almost unlimited, only limited bylarge hard drive.2. Speed to read e-mails very much faster because it directly intocomputer hard drive.Indeed, the software configuration of e-mail client is not as simple for those whousing Webmail.Basically there are two (2) software e-mail client that is widely used in systemopen-source operations, namely,1.Evolution.2.Thunderbird.On the Ubuntu operating system software e-mail client that is available isEvolution.USING E-MAIL 93Figure 5.7 Running an e-mail client EvolutionEvolution software can be accessed from the menu,Applications → Internet → Evolution Mail.94 make use of the N E-MAILFigure 5.8 Set the setup EvolutionThe first time we will usually Evolution used in offered to configureEvolution software. Need to be inserted is● Full Name● E-mail addressIf this information has convinced inserted, we can continue the process of initial configurationby pressing the "Forward".USING E-MAIL 95Figure 5.9 Set the setup EvolutionTo e-mail making process we need to configure● Type Server - typically a POP or POP3, but there also can be configuredas IMAP.● Server - server name.● Username - the username on the mail server on the Internet.If this configuration is already in the input, we need to press the button "Forward" tocontinue the initial configuration process of Evolution.96 make use of the N E-MAILFigure 5.10 Set the setup EvolutionFurthermore, the configuration is also important in the server to send e-mail.On average, each ISP will provide services of a server to helpsend e-mail. The parameters that need to be in the configuration is,● Type Server - usually SMTP.● Server - smtp.telkom.net to users of Telkom.Basically completed already important parts in the configuration processEvolution. Most of the configuration you need to do is press the button"Forward" and in the end by pressing the "Finish".USING E-MAIL 97Figure 5.11 Evolution Opening applicationsEvolution Views relatively simple, and Evolution will attempt to retrieve emailfrom the mail server which we have previously defined. Some important keyto note in Evolution only,● New - to write an e-mail.● Send / Receive - to force Evolution to send and receive e-mails.● Reply - to reply to an e-mail.In the Inbox, we can see all e-mail into our mailbox. Inessentially the same as what is in Webmail, only now all become morefast because it uses e-mail software client on your own computer.98 make use of the N E-MAILFigure 5.12 Display Evolution windowSend / write an e-mail can be done by pressing the "New" in the menuEvolution. Shortly after that would seem the view column to write an e-mail. Stepneeds to be done at the time of writing an e-mail address is sequential,1.Tuliskan e-mail addresses end in the To: field2.Tuliskan subject / subject of the e-mail addresses in Subject:3.Tuliskan news will be sent.4.Tekan send button "Send", if the e-mail has been completed in type.SEND FILE BY E - MAIIL CLIIENT EVOLUTIIONUSING E-MAIL 99The contents of e-mails To / ToSubject / SubjectsSend / SendFigure 5.13 Sending an attachment with EvolutionTo send files via e-mail with attachments, is basically the same assend regular e-mail. The difference is only a few additional steps, namely,● Click the "Attach"● It will display the File Manager, we can find and select the file you wantattach them.It's finished embedding / attachments. Files that have been successful in the paste will be inshow in the "Attachment Bar" at the bottom of the e-mail if the "Attachment Bar" inactivate.E-mail with an attachment / insertion can directly be sent by pressing the "Send".100 make use of the N E-MAILAttach File buttonNotification FilesAttached is theEMOSII EXPRESSION IN E - MAIILThere are some habits that are often used in communicating using email.One very interesting custom is to use emoticons. Emoticonis a symbol or combination of symbols used to convey contentemotions that are sent.The original maker of emoticons :-) and :-(, which suggests that these emoticons can beexpress emotion, was Scott Fahlman; text of the original proposal in the postgeneral discussion board in computer science at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) on19 September 1982 at 11:44,19-Sep-82 11:44 Scott E Fahlman:)From: Scott E Fahlman <Fahlman at Cmu-20c>I propose That the Following character sequence for joke markers::-)Read it sideways. Actually, it is probably more economical to markThings That are NOT jokes - given current trends. For this, use:-(Emoticons are widely used in the following list,The Meaning of Meaning Icon Icon Icon Meaning:-) =): V) Smile, Nice :-( = [Sad, Depression blinking eyes ;-):-D XD Nyengir LaughterWidth:-P Tongue OutHappy: -* Kiss:-O surprise: - / Not sure :-| Waiting:-S confused = (Grief, very depressed = O shock>: (Angry: -? Confused: '(cryingUSING E-MAIL 101B. DISCUSSION IN THE MAILING LISTA mailing list is a set of names or addresses used by an individualor an organization to send a lot of materal to the recipient's address. This termlater developed to include people who subscribe to the list,therefore a group of customers is usually referred to as "mailing list" orin the Indonesian language is often shortened to "mailing list".There are so many benefits and advantages that we will get with activevarious discussions on the Internet. At least once we will increase knowledge and friends. Willbetter if we can answer some questions on the mailing list,someone who is consistently able to answer with a good range of questions willa role model for many other colleagues in the mailing list.At present there are two (2) where the world's largest mailing list, namely,1.Yahoogroups - http://groups.yahoo.com/2.Googlegroups - http://groups.google.com/There are some mailing list servers in Indonesia, two (2) Server sizable mailing listis,● itb.ac.id - located in the ITB.● groups.or.id, http://groups.or.id - located in the CBN. Mailing lists can groups.or.idused for the Indonesian community free of charge and operated by Mr.Adi Prasaja.The logic of the use of mailing lists are very simple fact, namely,1. Users subscribe to a mailing list, for example by sending an e-mailtopikdiskusi-subscribe@yahoogroups.com address.2. Discussions will be sent to your e-mail by mailing list server.3. If you have any questions or comments can be made by sending an emailtopikdiskusi@yahoogroups.com address.Some examples of mailing address lists that will be very useful to discussinformation technology issues, namely,1. tanya-jawab@linux.or.id - Linux & Open Source Technology.2. indowli@yahoogroups.com - cheap Internet technology using the radio.3. orari-news@yahoogroups.com - Amateur Radio Technology.4. yogyafree-perjuangan@yahoogroups.com - Network Security Techniques.102 make use of the N E-MAILMailing list among others in the education world,● dikmenjur@yahoogroups.com - from secondary vocational education.● jardiknas@yahoogroups.com - to network educationGROUPS SEJJARAH iid .. OR ..Mailing List Servers Indonesia is a large enough http://groups.or.id inlocation server in Building Manggala Wanabakti CBN. One of the simple mission ofgroups.or.id is the desire to facilitate the local powers throughinformation technology. One simple form is to build a mailing listserver, which is expected to develop into an even bigger such as sandbox, Wiki.The project is expected to enliven the local Internet activity in Indonesia andreduce the need for international bandwidth.This project belongs to the open source community of Indonesia, does not belong to an individual or ainstitution / company of any kind. History groups.or.ide begins on September 6, 2003 when.Onno W. Purbo (retired civil servant and former professor ITB) convey information throughe-mail to many Internet activists in Indonesia, that Richard Fuchs (IDRC leaderBellanet) wants to meet with the open source community in Indonesia. In essence, Fuchshoping for Open Source Indonesia could become a communityglobalized, at least in the Asia - Pacific.On October 3, 2003, ejected in an e-mail ideas to create a mailing list (mailing list)to empower the potential of local human resources and save the nationbandwidth out of the country. The next day, some Internet activists in Indonesia meetby Richard Fuchs in MSI booth, Exhibition Indocomtech provided byAugustine Greenson and Michael "Opa" Sunggiardi. Some who attended, among others, OnnoW. Purbo, Bona Simanjuntak (School Information Network activists - JIS), A Gofur akaFloating (Bonet-Corexindo/BoCor Team Coordinator), Yanuar Rizki (IT Manager JakartaStock Exchange) and Donny B.U. (Coordinator ICT Watch).On October 14, 2003, Onno, Irwin, Bona, Donny BU, David Sudjiman (Board LtspJakarta), Rio Martin (Student Itenas), M. Ichsan (Admin Visionnet), Nies Purwati(Secretary General Mastel), Rusmanto (Pemred Infolinux), I Made Wiryana (Lecturer Gunadarma), MasWigrantoro RS (Coordinator GIPI Indonesia), Heru Nugroho (APJII General Secretary), Anton(Manager Telematics Indonesia), a / n Ltsp Jakarta, a / n Nona and a / n anonymous agreedfor contributions to buy computer servers HP Kayak P3-600 256M 15GB 48X CD-ROM,worth USD 1.695 million (including postage).Computer server that originally placed in the home Donny BU in the region that DepokUSING E-MAIL 103then transferred to SMK Jaya Tour II in Kalimalang, Jakarta. Bona Simanjuntakand Sindu Irawan (activist JIS) installs the operating system Debian 3 (Woody). After allcompleteness of the examination process and the installation process is complete, then the computerwas ready for her online. Just one more installation step, namely the installation of softwareto the mailing list, then the computer will become a local mailing list server.CBN expressed readiness to support the development of these list servers. Thissubmitted by Stephen Jonathan (Marketing Manager CBN) via e-mail. Forinitial stage, the CBN will provide overseas bandwidth of 64 kbps, and bandwidthin the country amounted to 128 kbps.On October 27, 2003, the end server can be successfully placed innetwork operating center (noc)-owned ISP in colocation CBN for her. Operating systemserver had to be replaced with Mandrake 9.0 because the operating system hasengine facility mailing list that is Mailman. The installation process carried out by Onno W. Purboand Bona Simanjuntak. While waiting for the installation process Donny B.U. t enrolling serverinto IDNIC, with GROUPS.OR.ID name. Selection of the top namesinput and advice of friends through the mailing list. On October 31, 2003,born GROUPS.OR.ID mailing list server.Entering the end of 2004, the number of members of the mailing list of more than 6000 andHP Kayak P3 machine is not strong serve such a mailing list because of the large Indonesiane-mail should be sent to yahoo.com. Finally groups.or.id disk crashes, and nodata can be saved.In 2005, using the motherboard and processor hyperthreading3.3GHz Intel donations as well as casing and power supply donations Harry Sufehmi yangalso install Debian on this machine, a new groups.or.id capacitygreater birth. Adi Prajasa began working to install ezmlm mailing list servergroups.or.id new debian machine. Software ezmlm and qmail allow this serverto serve the flow of email that is greater than ever. In addition, infrastructurethis new design to be more reliable, and coupled with regular data backups to the serverother. Even if a crash as before, it can directly groups.or.idwalking back from the backup server. Some fellow activists such as David's open sourceSudjiman, MDAMT, Ahmad Sofyan also stepped in with an administratorgroups.or.id engine, and built a site / services at groups.or.id.After testing for several months, around June 2006, the new groups.or.idbegan to be operated to serve the community. The first mailing list on ujicobakanis-member indowli@groups.or.id 5000 people. Currently, server mailing listgroups.or.id still managed by Adi Prasaja.104 make use of the N E-MAILC. SUMMARYBy using electronic mail (e-mail) we can quickly send newsin seconds across the world. In general, there are two (2) ways tosend and read e-mail, namely:1.menggunakan e-mail client, like Evolution and Thunderbird.2.menggunakan Webmail, like www.plasa.com.To use e-mail, we need1.informasi e-mail address of the destination.2.perihal or subject3.isi news.Files, images, documents, presentations can be sent via e-mail in the form of insertsor attachment in an e-mail. In addition, we can use emoticonuntukexpress our emotions in writing e-mails.E-mail will bring great benefits in our lives when we participate indiscussions with community e-mail. The server places a great discussion include:1.yahoogroups.com2.googlegroups.com3.groups.or.id.Place a discussion of ICT issues among others:1.tanya-users @ linux.or.id2.indowli @ yahoogroups.com3.dikmenjur @ yahoogroups.com4.jardiknas @ yahoogroups.com.USING E-MAIL 105D. IMPORTANT TERMSMEANING OF TERMSe-mail Electronic mail over the Internet.emoticons emotion icon in writing.JavaScript program with the Java programming language.MUA Mail User Agent.Mailing List Discussion of using e-mail.Name Server server that tells the name of the machine.SMTP Server The server where to send e-mail.Subject The subject, the subject.Mail Webmail using the Web.E. EVALUATIONa. Problem TheoryDo the questions below.1. What are the main functions of electronic mail or more commonly known as e-mail?2. How to form an e-mail address?3. Who is the user name from the address badu@smkn1-dps.sch.id?4. Where is the location of the office of the person who is domiciled in kkadiman@ristek.go.id?5. What information do we need input to be able to send e-mail tosomeone?6. Webmail Server Name some large in Indonesia.7. Where Indonesia mailing list server located? What's his name?8. Could we get your e-mail in Webmail for free?9. How do we subscribe to a discussion on the mailing listindowli@yahoogroups.com?10. In a mailing list where we can ask about computer technology and the Internet?11. Mention the name of the e-mail software client that can be used on Linux.12. Is it possible to send files, images, documents, presentations via e-mail?Explain how.13. Is it possible to send video files, VCD or DVD via e-mail?14. What is the meaning of:)?15. How to express shock and awe to use emoticons?16. What should we do if there is someone who sent word with the sign: (?b. Practice ProblemDo the questions below.1.Buatlah your e-mail at plasa.com.2.Kirimkan a file from one task or homework via e-mail to teachersYou.

JARIINGAN SOCIAL, WEB FORUM AND PHONE DIIIINTERNETA. KNOW the social webA social networking services on the Internet will focus than to buildcommunity (human) online for a variety of preferences, hobbies, and activities.Most Web-based social networking services and provides a variety of ways tousers interact, ranging from e-mail to Internet Messaging.Social networks have created a very powerful new way to communicate andsharing information. Social networking site used by millions of people, and nowSocial networks seem to be a part of everyday life of many people.The main type of social networking services is usually the list / directory based oncategory, for example, alumni of a school, or a classmate, as a way to stayrelated between friends, or a recommendation system that is connected byconfidence (trust). Popular method to combine these two types of networks.Social networks are widely used in the United States is MySpace and Facebook.In Europe more widely used MySpace, Facebook and Hi5. While in AmericaSouth and Central America more use Orkut and Hi4. In Asia andPacific more use of Friendster, Orkut, and Cyworld.More and more researchers and academics who began studying the networksocial, such as, up, especially to see the impact that will occur incommunity. Some of the issues that many are rigorous,● Personality● Privacy● E-learning● Social capital.● Use for teens.B. WORLD FACEBOOKFacebook is a social networking site that began its operation on December 4February 2004 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Facebook is a Web siteSOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND PHONE IN INTERNET FORUM 109which can be accessed free of charge, and operated by the company up. Facebook onsupported by about 500 employees who currently operate from headquarters in PaloAlto, California, United States. Up on the day recorded as network sitessocial on the Internet which ranked first in number of members in the world.Users can log into facebook network which is managed by city, workplace,school, region and allows us to interact with others. Userscan easily add friends, send news, information updateabout him.Mark Zuckerberg was a student at Harvard University at the time you first createFacebook. Members up at first only Harvard students only, then indeveloped to various colleges in the vicinity. Then be developed into studentfrom various other universities, school students and finally, everyone over the ageover 13 years. Site up at this time has more than 100 million active usersaround the world, roughly similar to half of Indonesia in one siteWeb.Figure 6.1 Applying to the Facebook site110 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUMFacebook site can be accessed through the address http://www.facebook.com. Basicallythere are only two (2) menu on the display face up, ie,● Menu to login, by entering your e-mail address and password.● Menu to register to Facebook, by entering the name, email address,password that we want, sex and date of birth.One thing that makes up a very interesting is to sederhanaannya andprivacy protection for a very good much better seem in comparison withFriendster is more open that allow everyone to view the siteOur personal.For the first time and want to create account on up todirectly create Accounts in place by way of entering the data neededto register on Facebook. If all data has been input properly &correct, press the "Sign Up" under the green to enterdata to Facebook.Figure 6.2 Check the Security dialog box upFor the protection up against the spammers, we need to insert a word picturein the show into the "Text in the box". Finish these words are written, press the button"Sign Up" green to enter new data that we write. It's finished processregistration up. Facebook will send an e-mail to us for authenticationregistration process.SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND PHONE IN INTERNET FORUM 111Figure 6.3 Start making friends through FacebookIn an e-mail that we receive from Facebook will have a Web address (URL)click to meng-konfirmasi/meng-authentikasi need in our application to becomeFacebook members. Shortly after the Web address is clicked, the browser will directnavigate to the address up for authentication.When you first connect to up in the process of authentication, usually there is enoughlots of friends (friends) who want to be a friend of us, we can choose which friendswho are we know to be a friend.Press the "Skip" we are quite satisfied after adding a few friends who want torelate to us.112 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUMFigure 6.4 Looking for a friend with a stock e-mail addressFacebook also offers a friend who wants us to call using a list of email addressesus to look for friends who want to call. Click "Find Friends" usinge-mail address that we use.SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND PHONE IN INTERNET FORUM 113Figure 6.5 Search for friends based on schoolAnother way to find friends that are suggested by the up is to useschools and force of our school who knows a friend at schoolthe same. Press the "Save" after we enter our school information.114 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUMFigure 6.6 Search results based on school / universityFinally, Facebook offers some friends that maybe we know from the informationschools that our input. We can see from the images and faces in the showwhether we recognize it and can put it to the list of friends.SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB FORUM AND Phone At 115 INTERNETFigure 6.7 Entering to Buddy ListAfter all the friends in the early accretion process is done, we'll go to the pageWeb us on Facebook. There are quite a lot of applications that can add lifebersosial be interesting, among others, facilities pictures, videos, events, notes and email,chat and much more.In the right column normally be the view some people who are identifiedby Facebook as a people we might recognize. We can view the list onsuguhkan by up and clicking on the people we identify with them.116 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUMB. OPEN SOURCE FORUMEngineering science and gain a lot of friends do on the Internet isActive discussions in discussion forums via the Web. There are quite a lot of web discussion forumIndonesian language on the Internet, among others,● http://forum2.plasa.com/● http://forum.indowli.or.id/ - specifically to discuss the problem of Internet useradio in Indonesia.● http://forum.rtrw.net/ - a discussion of the RT / RW-net.● http://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/forum/ - where discussions of open source issues.On this occasion we will see more forumsopensource.telkomspeedy.com / forum that can be accessed via the Web. There are several topicstopics that were discussed at the Forum, among others are,● Frequently asked questions about VoIP, NGN and 4G● Questions and answers about Speedy, such as how to configure the modem Speedy,Speedy performance, WARNET.● FAQ about Open Source, like InfoLinux, various Linux distributions.● Questions and answers about Wireless Networing, such as the use 2.4GHz/WiFi, RT / RWnet,Antenna.● Q & A about programming techniques, using C / C, PHP, Python, Java /Servlet / JSP, VB, and other languages.● Questions and answers about technical databases, using MySQL, PostgreSQL, as well asother databases.● Questions and answers about networking, making SMS Gateway, hacking & securitynetwork,● Questions and answers about computer hardware.● Questions and answers about various interesting things, like, game on the computer,Ragnarok, as well as our dreams.For those of you who just want to read the discussion there, we do not need to registeron the Web forums that we want to read. All the discussions in open forums average foraccess and read freely. To be able to participate or ask in the forum discussionsthrough we need to enroll (register) to the Web is to obtainusername / user ID.SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND PHONE IN INTERNET FORUM 117Figure 6.8 Display Indonesia Open Source Community siteOnce we go to the site http://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/forum. On the right sideabove, the word login, there is the "Register" that could serve toobtain ID to register to obtain a username that can beused for discussions on the forum.118 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUMRegistration MenuFigure 6.9 Applying to the Community site Open Source IndonesiaShortly after clicking the "Register" we are usually asked to read the Rulesof the Forum. At the end of regulation there will be the "Agree". Click the "Agree"to continue on the actual registration process.In the process of registration we only need to fill in some questions, namely,username: fill in username / nickname that we want.E-mail: e-mail us the truth.Time zone: 7 (for the western part of Indonesia).Language: Bahasa (UK).Once you are confident with your username and e-mail in the content, we can solveregistration process by pressing the "Register" link on the bottom once.After the "Register" in the press, the forum will send an e-mail confirmation tous. We click on the address provided on the e-mail confirmation to activateusername that we asked on the forum. After activation is done then we can askand answer the questions in the forum.SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB FORUM AND Phone At 119 INTERNETFigure 6.10 Discuss in Indonesia Open Source Community siteVarious topics of discussion we can see on the forum home pagehttp://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/forum. We can choose what topics we wantread.Figure 6.11 To provide comments on the site Indonesia Open Source Community120 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB FORUM AND PHONE IN INTERNETIn the process of discussion, we are usually in suguhi column to ask or answerquestion at the very bottom of the topic of discussion that we are reading. Writequestions or comments we would like, then press the "Submit" tosend comments / questions to the forum.Another way to comment in the forum is to press the button "Quote" ondiscussions are underway. By pressing the Quota the previous discussionwill rewrite the comment that we are. Same as before, we need to pressthe "Submit" to enter our comments to the forum.There are so many things we can learn from a variety of forums for free discussion onInternet. Very are suggested for us to wander and read this forum. Valuesomeone will set on the quality and liveliness in answering people's questionsin the forums.C. CHATTINGInstant Messaging or sometimes known as the Internet Messanging in briefwith IM is a pattern of direct communication between two or more people basedon the writing / text typed in the computer. Posts will be sent via computerconnected to a network like the Internet.The software can be used for air-chat in Linux is Pidgin. InUbuntu Linux family, Pidgin can be accessed through the menu,Applications → Internet → Pidgin Internet Messenger.What's interesting about Pidgin, he supports many protocols for chat, includingYahoo Messenger. On this occasion will show the configuration process PidginChatting to use voiprakyat.or.id Server that can communicate withOther servers on the Internet that use Jabber or XMPP protocol, such as, gmail.com.SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB FORUM AND Phone At 121 INTERNETFigure 6.12 Turn Pidgin Internet MessengerFigure 6.13 Display opener PidginThe menu will be the first time in the show when we first usePidgin is an aid to configure the account to chat. It should be noted herethat we can configure Pidgin to be enrolled in more than one server122 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUMChatting.Button is pressed to configure the account is "Add" button.There are several parameters that need to be configured to include an Account,namely,Protocol: XMPP (VoIP Rakyat)Screen Name: Your nicknameDomain: voiprakyat.or.idPassword: your passwordNickname and password obtained at the time you register to become a memberVoIP Rakyat on http://www.voiprakyat.or.id site.XMPP protocol used in many chat servers including Gmail, Gtalk and Serversother Jabber-based. Unfortunately Yahoo does not use this protocol, but Pidgin cantalk with Yahoo.Chatting your ID in this example is nickname@voiprakyat.or.id.6:14 Figure Set Pidgin configurationSOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB FORUM AND Phone At 123 INTERNETCHATTING USING THE SERVER VOIIPFigure 6.15's currentIf we have to configure your account properly and register with the Serverchat, the display Pidgin will reveal a list of our friends who areChat Server login. In the example, shown Anton Raharja with IDanton@voiprakyat.or.id are online, will keep its status is not be disturbedbecause they were busy.In the bottom row Pidgin, we can set our status. In the example of our statusis "Available" with a picture of a green circle, means we're notbusy and can be contacted.To contact a person can be done by clicking on the addressand write a message that we want.124 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUMFigure 6:16 Chat with PidginShown in the image to another is a process of discussion / chat using Pidgin betweenharrischandra@jabber.rab.co.id with onnowpurbo@voiprakyat.or.id. We cantransmit news you want us to send in the column at the bottom of the chat facility.What is interesting with Jabber or XMPP protocol, the server can chat anywhere.The server itself of its open source so everyone can install itwith ease.D. SECURE INTERNET socialize inHere are some things that need to be done to protect computeras well as yourself from crime in cyberspace. One very good referenceto read is the Internet which can take from the Healthyhttp://www.ictwatch.com/internetsehat/booklet_internet_sehat.pdfSome techniques to protect computers.1. Upgrade the operating system. The best operating system is usually saferused rather than lower versions.2. Use a firewall to protect from attacks by hackers, or viruses or spyware.In Linux more attacks from hackers and softwareused hackers. For those of you who use ADSL connection toSOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB FORUM AND Phone At 125 INTERNETenable the firewall in the router.3. Use Anti-Virus software, clamav, to detect whether there is virusnesting in USB, Internet e-mail we read. Note that Linuxtida usually infected with the virus.4. Securing yourself in a WiFi HotSpot network. Turn on protection mechanismsHotSpot network using WEP, WPA, MAC filtering, turn off SSIDbroadcast. Details WiFi HotSpot protection techniques can be read inhttp://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/wiki/5. Remove all 'spam' e-mail. Do not ever believe in the e-mails that promisethat you won the lottery, the investment fund. We recommend that you activateanti spam in your e-mail client that we use.6. Backup. Perform periodic backups of important data and store atdifferent locations.7. Physically secure the computer / laptop. Mark the computers that we use.Use the key to a laptop that we use.Techniques to secure themselves, their families and our money.1. Avoid all possible to steal identity. Never giveothers, username, user ID, PIN, or password from the company even if theyhighly reliable. Do not ever believe in the e-mail that appearedsuch as from bank, credit card office asking for information such as PIN oraccount number. Always write the web address to your browser, do not ever clickweb address link in the e-mail. Do not include financial information, numberscredit cards except the Web also uses the protocol https: / /. Use a passwordlong.2. Avoid scams. Never trust the promises of grandiose in an e-mail. Neverprovide personal information unless you know soon.3. Sale and purchase online securely. Ask the other user's reputationselling, buying and selling only with those who have a good reputation.126 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUME. INTERNET PHONEInternet Phone, or more commonly known as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)began to bloom because of the government's plan to raise phone bills at the beginning2003. Some colleagues, such as, Personal Hariyanto, Mr. Prasetyo Prasetyo, Onno W. Purbo,Michael Sunggiardi, assisted by APJII and other industry colleagues beganoperate a telephone exchange H.323 protocol based VoIP on the Internet forprovide low-cost telecommunication solutions to the people of Indonesia.January 2003, VoIP Merdeka was aired in an e-lifestyle and demonstrating MetroTVthe life video conferencing via the Internet from the Metro to Judhi Prasad inSingapore. Internet connection used for video conferencing is lifedone through a dial-up IndoNet.Figure 6:17 Anton Raharja, maker of VoIP RakyatThe technology used by the H.323 protocol-based VoIP Merdeka which isinitial protocol VoIP standardized by ITU. The software that is used assoftphone is NetMeeting or GnomeMeeting, while the telephone exchange canusing a gatekeeper gnugk open source nature. Detailed technical implementationH.323 protocol based VoIP Merdeka can be taken inhttp://sandbox.bellanet.org/ ~ onno / the-guide / voip /The main difficulty felt by VoIP Merdeka is to penetrate a proxy serverwhich are widely used in office LAN is connected to the Internet. As a result, VoIPDeveloping more independence in offices that have many branchesconnected in a network of Virtual Private Network (VPN). For the purposes ofpublic / general, difficult to penetrate a proxy server is causing VoIP Merdeka difficultdeveloped.SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB FORUM AND Phone At 127 INTERNETIn 2005, the People's grown-based VoIP Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). VoIPPeople are technology based VoIP Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) thatdeveloped by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) on the Internet. Consequently,VoIP Rakyat have much better capabilities than the VoIP MerdekaH.323-based protocol that was developed by the International Telecommunication Union(ITU). Constraints experienced by VoIP Merdeka resolved through Proxy Server. ApparentlyVoIP SIP-based People's become a real solution for people of low-cost telecommunicationsIndonesia. The technology level in over Telkom's technology today, technologyPeople's VoIP technology is known as Next Generation Network (NGN) in the worldtelecommunications also in use in 4G cellular networks.VoIP Rakyat led by Anton Raharja of ICT Center & WAN DKI Jakarta. VoIPPeople operate from 2005, and on the move to Open IX around the month of January2006 on aid colleagues in PT. IDC's like Mother Nature & Aie Johar. VoIP ServerPeople in upgrading to a dual Xeon processor which is a donation from Acer.Details SIP-based VoIP technology can be found at Wikihttp://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/wiki/index.php/VoIP. Although the nature of VoIP technologySIP-based Open Source its nature, such high technology was not muchwhich controls well in Southeast Asia, and in Asia. Not many countries inworld to successfully make such a large VoIP network VoIP Merdeka classor VoIP Rakyat, not herah VoIP Rakyat if the activists, often in asking forprovide workshops in Southeast Asia and in Asia. Anton Raharja ownseveral times to give workshops in Malaysia, Vietnam etc.. In the picture showOnno W. Purbo was giving a workshop on Next Generation Network technology(NGN) and VoIP at the Asian Institute of Technology, in Bangkok, Thailand on 7-9 stepsApril 2008. Even the world learned in our nation of Indonesia!128 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUMFigure 6:18 Onno W. Purbo was giving a workshop NGN and VoIP on the AITThailand, April 2008.Figure 6:19 Views site VoIP RakyatPeople's VoIP telephone exchange implemented in the form of sites on the Web at the addresshttp://www.voiprakyat.or.id making it easier for users to registerand use VoIP services over the Internet free of charge. Applicants not only fromindividuals, many corporate users, offices, schools and even cafePeople using VoIP for telephone services. There are some essential menus that needdi refer to the website http://www.voiprakyat.or.id VoIP Rakyat, namely,● Menu Registration - to register as a user.● Menu Download - to take the softphone software.● Menu Online Phone - to see who is online.SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND PHONE IN INTERNET FORUM 129Menu DownloadRegister MenuOnline PhoneFigure 6:20 Register at the site VoIP RakyatMenu Register VoIP Rakyat http://www.voiprakyat.or.id/?inc=signup&op=userallows prospective users to register themselves as users of VoIP Rakyatfree of charge, by entering the following data,➢ e-mail address➢ full name➢ nickname (For Internet Messaging)➢ birthday➢ address➢ city➢ countryAfter the above information is packed with good, VoIP Rakyat will give a numberphone, password, nickname, server to register your VoIP phone.Note carefully that information!130 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUMIt should be noted that username & password from VoIP Rakyat than can be used forphone calls over the Internet can also be used to chat with other colleaguesusing Pidgin on Linux software. ID you at chats arenickname@voiprakyat.or.id, for example, onnowpurbo@voiprakyat.or.id. To profitPeople using the VoIP chatting, we can use the local server in Indonesia,not dependent on servers in foreign countries such as Yahoo or Gmail.Figure 6:21 Calling through VoIP RakyatAt the online menu we can phone http://www.voiprakyat.or.id/?inc=online_phonessee who is online at the People's VoIP network. Information providedon the online phone is a phone number, user name, location and qualityconnection. We will see very clearly that almost all of Indonesia hasconnected to a VoIP Rakyat. In addition, there are quite a lot of companiesPeople using VoIP facilities to make their phone to be cheap. Weto call people who are online via the Internet. Better be sure yourknow the person because sometimes a bit disturbing if we call peoplewe do not know.SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND PHONE IN INTERNET FORUM 131Figure 6:22 Downloading the software and instructions for using VoIP RakyatIn the Download section, we can take some softphone that allowsmake our computer into the phone for free from the Internet. Nextit, we can take some manual how to build their own VoIP. Allcan be taken free of charge from the Download section.132 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUMF. Briker OWN PEOPLE TO MAKE VOIPFigure 6:23 Views Briker community sitesAnton Raharja and Asoka kindly on us all nations, Indonesia has prepared aa special Linux distribution iso file that can be taken at the site http:// Brikerwww.briker.org. Iso file and manually briker way to wear them in taking afree need not pay anything.Briker is a special distribution to create your own VoIP telephone exchange. If youburn iso file to a CD ROM and run the CD ROM is the computer we willbecome central VoIP VoIP phone just like the People even more powerful becauseavailable also for billing facility for the payment of such calls in WARNET. Keep ingood record, we must be careful in installing briker because the entire hard drivein our computer will be formatted and all data will be lost.SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB FORUM AND Phone At 133 INTERNETDocumentationDownloadVery are suggested for readers who want to make their own central berexperimeneasy to pick up the phone with iso briker from the download section and manuallyhow to put the documentation section on the site briker http://www.briker.org.Ekiga USING TELEPHONE TO IINTERNETFigure 6:24 Activating Ekiga SoftphoneFor those of us who use Linux Ubuntu family of software to makecomputer as the phone has been available. The device is a device Ekigasoftphone, telephone software that allows computers to bethe telephone. We can access via the menu EkigaApplications → Internet → Ekiga Softphone134 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB FORUM AND PHONE IN INTERNETWe just need to add a headset, a microphone and computer speakers areconnected to computer sound cards that we use. Price headset bermacammacamstarting from Rp. 20.000, - up to several hundred thousand rupiah.Ekiga At first activated then we usually on the menu for suguhifirst configure Ekiga. There are ten (10) The measures proposed to usfor the first time to configure Ekiga. Usually we can press the button"Forward" until completion or pressing the "Cancel" if we do not wantconfiguration process is done. We can do it later.The logic of the use Ekiga softphone or other very simple. We onlyneed informationVoIP Server: voiprakyat.or.idNumber: 8xxxxx (VoIP number provided by VoIP Rakyat)Password: xxxxxx (password provided by VoIP Rakyat)We will need to enter information into the configuration menu for VoIP Accountswhich is usually available in Softphone.To configure the account, we can access the Accounts menu via the menuEdit → AccountsSOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB FORUM AND Phone At 135 INTERNETOr by pressing the Control key E at once (Ctrl E).After the Ctrl key E in the press then it will display fields for entering numbersUs to the Ekiga VoIP. At right above is the "Add" to addThese accounts to Ekiga.6:25 Image Editing an account in EkigaFigure 6:26 Entering numbers in Ekiga VoIPMenu to enter the account number was simple enough, we need onlyenter information,136 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND Phone At INTERNET FORUMRegistrar: voiprakyat.or.idUser: xxxxxx (VoIP number Rakyat)Password: xxxxxx (password provided by VoIP Rakyat)Once confident with all of our input, then we only need to press the button"OK" to activate the account.It should be noted that the number of accounts that can be handled by Ekiga to more than one.For those of you who use mobile phones, equivalent to a plane Ekiga phoneable to operate with many SIM cards.If we use a computer connected to the Internet then Ekiga willtrying to contact server that are written in such Account.Views Ekiga as shown in the picture on the side. Views are very similar totelephone with the number keys to call. Please pay attention to both, the sentence"Registered accounts: 1" means that we have written accounts managed properly registered inVoIP Rakyat and we are ready to call in cuma-cuma/gratis throughInternet.For those of you who want to explore more about the Internet telephone technology is inrecommend to read the book "VoIP Rakyat Ancestor Telkom People" which inpublished by InfoKomputer in 2007.G. SUMMARYInternet is not only related to science and information only. The Internet canbecomes the most powerful way to socialize with fellow colleagues or withother colleagues who have the same likes and hobbies.The biggest social networks on the Internet today is up http://www.facebook.comcan facilitate us to interact socially with thousands of people.Socialization and learning techniques on the Internet are no less interesting is menggunaakanWeb forums. One of the Web forum in Indonesia of interest to learn computer andInternet, among others, is http://opensource.telkomspeedy.com, http://forum.indowli.or.idand http://forum.rtrw.netFor those who frequent the WARNET or have Internet access 24 hours willinteresting to activate the chat facility on his computer using a devicelunank Pidgin. Chat sites in Indonesia who can communicate with many sitesOther chat, including gtalk, is voiprakyat.or.id.SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB AND PHONE IN INTERNET FORUM 137Surely we must be careful in their interaction on the Internet for not deceptive andtreatment is not good. Reference on the Internet Healthy can be taken from the site ICT Watchhttp://www.ictwatch.com.Calling for free is in search of many people. Through the site VoIP Rakyathttp://www.voiprakyat.or.id made by Anton Rahharja we can call betweencomputer on the Internet. For those of you who are interested to learn techniques to create a centralphone can get the software from the People's VoIP telephone exchange Brikerhttp://www.briker.orgH. IMPORTANT TERMSMEANING OF TERMSBriker software to make the computer as a telephone exchange.Dialogue using text chat on the Internet.Event Activities.Friends Friends.Quoting Quote.InstantMessagingSend news quickly.iso file to CD-ROM format.Nickname Nickname.NGN Next Generation Network, the future of telecommunications technology.Register Register.Sign Up Sign up.SocialNetworkingNetworks to interact socially.Softphone software to make the computer as a telephone.SSID Service Set Identifier, to identify a HotSpot.Submit Incorporate.Trust Trust.Universial USB Serial Bus, a standard serial cable on the computer.VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol, a phone via the Internet.WEP Wired equivalent Privacy, an encryption technique on wireless networks.WPA WiFi Protected Access, a technique of passwords to access the Wireless network.138 SOCIAL NETWORKS, WEB FORUM AND PHONE IN INTERNETI. EVALUATIONa. Problem TheoryDo the following questions.1. How we can socialize on the Internet?2. Which sites support the process of socialization on the Internet?3. Mention at least three (3) things we can do through Facebook.4. Should we create an account to read the discussion on Web forums?5. Who is entitled to ask questions and make the topic of discussion in a Webforum?6. Mention the name of what software can be used for chatting.7. Do we need an account on a server to be able to chat?8. Mention one of the chat server in Indonesia.9. Can be used emoticons when chatting?10. What needs to be taken to ensure that we are not deceived and became the object of treatment is noteither on the Internet?11. Could you talk between computers using the Internet?12. What software is needed to call over the Internet?13. What additional hardware is needed to call on the Internet?14. Could we make their own telephone exchange on the Internet?15. Can we call from the Internet to a regular telephone?16. Legalkah Internet calling from Indonesia to a regular telephone?17. Can we call from a regular phone to the Internet?b. Practice ProblemDo the practice questions below.● Create an account on the Facebook site http://www.facebook.com.1. Introduce yourself in a discussion forum on Open SourceFemale http://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/forum on the discussion.2. Make a phone number on the Internet through websites VoIP Rakyathttp://www.voiprakyat.or.id.3. Configure Pidgin to chat on Linux for using the username inVoIP Rakyat.

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